CH2=CH2 + Br2 → CH2Br-CH2Br

CH≡CH + Br2 → CHBr2-CHBr2

CH≡CH + 2AgNO3 + 2NH3 → AgC≡CAg↓vàng + 2NH4NO3

Khí không bị hấp thụ (hay không có phản ứng) là khí propan (C3H8)

\(V_{C_2H_6}=13,44-6,72=6,72\left(l\right)\)

=> \(n_{C_2H_6}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{C_2Ag_2}=\dfrac{24}{240}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(n_{C_2H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}-0,3-0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{C_2H_6}=\dfrac{0,3.30}{0,3.30+0,2.28+0,1.26}.100\%=52,326\%\\\%m_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,2.28}{0,3.30+0,2.28+0,1.26}.100\%=32,558\%\\\%m_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,1.26}{0,3.30+0,2.28+0,1.26}.100\%=15,116\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(a,n_{hhkhí\left(C_2H_4,C_2H_2\right)}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{80}{160}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ Gọi\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_4}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ PTHH:C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\\ Mol:a\rightarrow a\\ C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\\ Mol:b\rightarrow2b\\ Hệ.pt\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,3\\a+2b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,3}=33,33\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_2}=100\%-33,335=66,67\%\)

\(b,PTHH:\\ C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\\ Mol:0,1\rightarrow0,3\rightarrow0,2\\ 2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\\ Mol:0,2\rightarrow0,25\rightarrow0,4\\ n_{CO_2}=0,2+0,4=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\\ Mol:0,6\rightarrow0,6\rightarrow0,6\\ m_{CaCO_3}=0,6.100=60\left(g\right)\)

a) 

CH₄ + 2O₂ --t^o--> CO₂ + 2H₂O

C₂H₄ + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2CO₂ + 2H₂O

b) Gọi số mol CH₄, C₂H₄ là a, b (mol)

=> \(a+b=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\) 

\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{20}{100}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Khí thoát ra khỏi bình là CH₄

PTHH: CH₄ + 2O₂ --t^o--> CO₂ + 2H₂O

             a---------------->a

            Ca(OH)₂ + CO₂ --> CaCO₃ + H₂O

                              0,2<------0,2

=> a = 0,2 (mol)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}.100\%=66,67\%\\\%V_{C_2H_4}=100\%-66,67\%=33,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) b = 0,1 (mol)

CH₄ + 2O₂ --t^o--> CO₂ + 2H₂O

0,2--------------->0,2----->0,4

C₂H₄ + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2CO₂ + 2H₂O

0,1----------------->0,2---->0,2

Ca(OH)₂ + CO₂ --> CaCO₃ + H₂O

                0,4------>0,4

=> \(m_{CaCO_3}=0,4.100=40\left(g\right)\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CO_2}=44\left(0,2+0,2\right)=17,6\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2O}=\left(0,4+0,2\right).18=10,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét \(\Delta m=m_{CO_2}+m_{H_2O}-m_{CaCO_3}=17,6+10,8-40=-11,6\left(g\right)\)

=> Khối lượng dd giảm 11,6 gam

Ta có: \(n_X=\dfrac{3,584}{22,4}=0,16\left(mol\right)\)

- Cho hh khí quá bình 1:

PT: \(C_3H_4+AgNO_3+NH_3\rightarrow AgC_3H_3+NH_4NO_3\)

Ta có: \(n_{AgC_3H_3}=\dfrac{5,88}{147}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{C_3H_4}=n_{AgC_3H_3}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

- Cho tiếp hh khí còn lại qua bình 2, thấy dd Br₂ nhạt màu.

→ Br₂ dư, C₂H₄ pư hết. Khí thoát ra là C₃H₈.

PT: \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)

Ta có: \(n_{C_3H_8}=\dfrac{1,792}{22,4}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)

a, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,16-0,08-0,04}{0,16}.100\%=25\%\\\%V_{C_3H_4}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,16}.100\%=25\%\\\%V_{C_3H_8}=50\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, Ta có: \(n_X=\dfrac{1,792}{22,4}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow X\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_4}=0,08.25\%=0,02\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_3H_4}=0,08.25\%=0,02\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_3H_8}=0,04\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow n_{\pi}=n_{C_2H_4}+2n_{C_3H_4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Br_2}=0,08.1=0,08\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ n_π < n_Br2

→ Br₂ dư. Hiện tượng: Dd Br₂ nhạt màu dần.